Setting the scene
Who wrote it
Traditionally Luke, a doctor and companion of Paul
Who it was for
Theophilus and other followers of Jesus
What was happening
A shrewd manager, money, and a rich man and Lazarus
Read the full background in the book overview

What’s happening

Jesus tells his disciples of a rich man whose manager is accused of wasting his goods. The master says, "Give an accounting of your management, for you can no longer be manager." The manager thinks, "I'm not strong enough to dig. I'm ashamed to beg. I know what I will do, so that when I am removed from management, they may welcome me into their houses." He calls in each of his master's debtors: "How much do you owe?" "A hundred batos of oil." "Take your bill, sit down quickly, and write fifty." To the next, "A hundred cors of wheat," he says, "Take your bill, and write eighty." The master commends the dishonest manager because he had done wisely, "for the children of this world are, in their own generation, wiser than the children of the light." Jesus says, "Make for yourselves friends by means of unrighteous mammon, so that when it fails, they may receive you into the eternal tents." He who is faithful in a very little is faithful also in much, and the one who is dishonest in a very little is dishonest also in much. "If therefore you have not been faithful in the unrighteous mammon, who will commit to your trust the true riches? ... No servant can serve two masters ... You aren't able to serve God and mammon." The Pharisees, who are lovers of money, hear all this and scoff at him. He says, "You are those who justify yourselves in the sight of men, but God knows your hearts. For that which is exalted among men is an abomination in the sight of God." He says the Law and the Prophets were until John, since which time the Kingdom of God is preached and everyone forces his way into it, that not one stroke of the law will fall, and that everyone who divorces his wife and marries another commits adultery. Then he tells of a rich man who dressed in purple and fine linen and feasted every day, and at his gate lay a beggar named Lazarus, covered with sores, who longed to be fed with what fell from the rich man's table; even the dogs came and licked his sores. The beggar died and was carried by the angels to Abraham's bosom, and the rich man also died and was buried. In Hades, in torment, he sees Abraham far off with Lazarus at his bosom, and says, "Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue." Abraham says, "Son, remember that you, in your lifetime, received your good things, and Lazarus, in the same way, bad things. But here he is now comforted, and you are in anguish. Besides all this, between us and you there is a great gulf fixed." He begs Abraham to send Lazarus to his father's house, to warn his five brothers. "They have Moses and the prophets. Let them listen to them." "No, father Abraham, but if one goes to them from the dead, they will repent." "If they don't listen to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded if one rises from the dead."

Why the setting matters

The dishonest manager is among the most debated parables. The manager is clearly in trouble and acts to secure friends, but the reduced bills could be his own commission, interest hidden in the debt (which the law forbade among Jews), or simply forgiving part of what he was owed, and scholars have long disagreed. What the master commends is the shrewdness, the urgency about the future, not the dishonesty. A bato is about eight or nine gallons, so a hundred batos of oil is a very large debt; a cor was about ten bushels, so the wheat debt is huge too. "Mammon" is an Aramaic word for wealth or property that people trusted in. Luke says the Pharisees were "lovers of money," which is the context for the sayings. The saying about the law and divorce comes in the middle of the chapter and ties to the question of what counts as righteousness. Lazarus is the only named character in any of Jesus' parables; his name means "God helps." Dogs were scavengers, and the rich man's gate and his clothes of purple and fine linen set the contrast. "Abraham's bosom" and "Hades" are pictures of the afterlife drawn from the Jewish imagination of the time, and how literally to take the details is debated. The last line points to the resurrection, and the unbelief of those who have the Scriptures.

Read Luke 16 (World English Bible)

Who’s in this chapter

Jesus

Tells two parables about money.

The disciples

Told the first parable.

Pharisees and scribes

Pharisees who love money and scoff at him.

The dishonest manager

Makes friends by reducing debts, and is commended for shrewdness.

The rich man

Feasts daily and ignores the beggar at his gate.

Lazarus

Covered with sores at the gate; carried by angels.

Abraham

Speaks across the gulf.

Talk it through

  1. The manager acts quickly when his future is at risk. What is Jesus asking his disciples to take from that?
  2. "You cannot serve God and mammon." What does that mean in practice for someone with and without money?
  3. The rich man never speaks to Lazarus, in life or in death. What is the story pointing at?
  4. "If they don't listen to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded if one rises from the dead." What does Luke want us to hear in that line?

Read Luke 16

World English Bible

1He also said to his disciples, “There was a certain rich man who had a manager. An accusation was made to him that this man was wasting his possessions. 2He called him, and said to him, ‘What is this that I hear about you? Give an accounting of your management, for you can no longer be manager.’

3“The manager said within himself, ‘What will I do, seeing that my lord is taking away the management position from me? I don’t have strength to dig. I am ashamed to beg. 4I know what I will do, so that when I am removed from management, they may receive me into their houses.’ 5Calling each one of his lord’s debtors to him, he said to the first, ‘How much do you owe to my lord?’ 6He said, ‘A hundred batos of oil.’ He said to him, ‘Take your bill, and sit down quickly and write fifty.’ 7Then he said to another, ‘How much do you owe?’ He said, ‘A hundred cors of wheat.’ He said to him, ‘Take your bill, and write eighty.’

8“His lord commended the dishonest manager because he had done wisely, for the children of this world are, in their own generation, wiser than the children of the light. 9I tell you, make for yourselves friends by means of unrighteous mammon, so that when you fail, they may receive you into the eternal tents. 10He who is faithful in a very little is faithful also in much. He who is dishonest in a very little is also dishonest in much. 11If therefore you have not been faithful in the unrighteous mammon, who will commit to your trust the true riches? 12If you have not been faithful in that which is another’s, who will give you that which is your own? 13No servant can serve two masters, for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to one, and despise the other. You aren’t able to serve God and Mammon.”

14The Pharisees, who were lovers of money, also heard all these things, and they scoffed at him. 15He said to them, “You are those who justify yourselves in the sight of men, but God knows your hearts. For that which is exalted among men is an abomination in the sight of God. 16The law and the prophets were until John. From that time the Good News of God’s Kingdom is preached, and everyone is forcing his way into it. 17But it is easier for heaven and earth to pass away, than for one tiny stroke of a pen in the law to fall. 18Everyone who divorces his wife and marries another commits adultery. He who marries one who is divorced from a husband commits adultery.

19“Now there was a certain rich man, and he was clothed in purple and fine linen, living in luxury every day. 20A certain beggar, named Lazarus, was taken to his gate, full of sores, 21and desiring to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man’s table. Yes, even the dogs came and licked his sores. 22The beggar died, and he was carried away by the angels to Abraham’s bosom. The rich man also died, and was buried. 23In Hades, he lifted up his eyes, being in torment, and saw Abraham far off, and Lazarus at his bosom. 24He cried and said, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue! For I am in anguish in this flame.’

25“But Abraham said, ‘Son, remember that you, in your lifetime, received your good things, and Lazarus, in the same way, bad things. But here he is now comforted, and you are in anguish. 26Besides all this, between us and you there is a great gulf fixed, that those who want to pass from here to you are not able, and that no one may cross over from there to us.’

27“He said, ‘I ask you therefore, father, that you would send him to my father’s house; 28for I have five brothers, that he may testify to them, so they won’t also come into this place of torment.’

29“But Abraham said to him, ‘They have Moses and the prophets. Let them listen to them.’

30“He said, ‘No, father Abraham, but if one goes to them from the dead, they will repent.’

31“He said to him, ‘If they don’t listen to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded if one rises from the dead.’ ”

Text: World English Bible, Public domain. About our sources