Setting the scene
Who wrote it
Traditionally Luke, a doctor and companion of Paul
Who it was for
Theophilus and other followers of Jesus
What was happening
Women who supported him, the sower, a storm, a man in the tombs, and two daughters
Read the full background in the book overview

What’s happening

Soon afterward Jesus goes through cities and villages proclaiming the good news of the Kingdom of God, with the twelve and some women who had been healed of evil spirits and sicknesses: Mary called Magdalene, from whom seven demons had gone out; Joanna, the wife of Chuza, Herod's steward; Susanna; and many others, who provide for them out of their possessions. A great crowd gathers, and he tells the parable of the sower: seed on the path is trampled and eaten by birds, seed on rock withers for lack of moisture, seed among thorns is choked, and seed on good soil bears a hundredfold. When the disciples ask what it means, he says, "To you it is given to know the mysteries of the Kingdom of God, but to the rest in parables, that 'seeing they may not see, and hearing they may not understand.'" The seed is the word of God, and the soils are four ways of receiving it. He says no one lights a lamp and hides it under a bowl, and "Take heed therefore how you hear." When his mother and brothers can't reach him for the crowd, he says, "My mother and my brothers are these who hear the word of God, and do it." On the lake one day he says, "Let's go over to the other side." He falls asleep, a windstorm comes down, and the boat is filling. They wake him: "Master, master, we are dying!" He rebukes the wind and the raging water, and there is calm. "Where is your faith?" They are afraid and marvel, "Who then is this, that he commands even the winds and the water, and they obey him?" On the other side, in the country of the Gerasenes, a man from the city who has had demons for a long time, who wears no clothes and lives in the tombs, falls at Jesus' feet: "What do I have to do with you, Jesus, you Son of the Most High God? I beg you, don't torment me." "What is your name?" "Legion." They beg not to be sent into the abyss and ask to enter a herd of pigs, and the herd rushes down the cliff into the lake and drowns. The people come out, find the man sitting at Jesus' feet, clothed and in his right mind, and they are afraid and ask Jesus to leave. The man begs to go with him, but Jesus says, "Return to your house, and declare what great things God has done for you." He goes and proclaims throughout the city what Jesus had done for him. Back across the lake, Jairus, a ruler of the synagogue, begs Jesus to come for his only daughter, about twelve, who is dying. On the way, a woman who has had a flow of blood for twelve years and could not be healed by anyone touches the fringe of his cloak and is healed at once. "Who touched me?" She comes trembling and tells all. "Daughter, your faith has made you healthy. Go in peace." A messenger arrives: "Your daughter is dead." "Don't be afraid. Only believe, and she will be healed." At the house he lets in only Peter, John, James, and the girl's parents. "Don't weep; for she isn't dead, but sleeping." They laugh at him, knowing she is dead. He takes her hand: "Child, arise!" Her spirit returns and she rises at once; he tells them to give her something to eat, and charges them to tell no one what has happened.

Why the setting matters

Luke is the Gospel that most notices women. The women of 8:1-3 are the ones who "provided for them out of their possessions," that is, patrons who financed the mission, and Joanna's husband worked for Herod Antipas, which means one of Jesus' supporters was connected to the court. Mary of Magdala is named here and is not the sinful woman of chapter 7; the idea that she was is a later tradition and not in the text. Luke's version of the sower is shorter than Mark's, and he adds that "those who hear the word" should hold it fast. In the storm scene, Luke says "master" for Jesus where the other Gospels say "teacher." The country of the Gerasenes is debated; manuscripts also read Gadarenes and Gergesenes, and Gerasa lies far from the lake. Luke adds "the abyss," the place of the demons' final confinement, and says the man had no clothes. Pigs were unclean, and the herd points to a largely Gentile area. Unlike in Mark, Jesus here sends the man to tell what God has done and Luke says he told what "Jesus" had done, so for Luke the two are the same. The two women, one twelve years ill and the other twelve years old, are both called "daughter" or "child," and the older one's touch of the fringe is a risk under the purity laws.

Read Luke 8 (World English Bible)

Who’s in this chapter

Jesus

Teaches in parables, calms a storm, frees a man, and heals two women.

Mary Magdalene

Freed from seven demons; one of the women who provide for him.

Joanna

Wife of Chuza, Herod's steward; supports the mission.

Susanna

Named only here and one of the women who provide for him.

The twelve

Travel with him, and are afraid in the storm.

The crowds

Hear the parables.

Jesus' mother and brothers

His mother and brothers who can't get through the crowd.

The man from the tombs

Freed from Legion and sent home to tell.

Jairus

A synagogue leader whose only daughter is dying.

Jairus' daughter

About twelve, raised by Jesus.

The woman with the flow of blood

Healed when she touches his cloak.

Simon Peter

One of the three at the house.

James

One of the three at the house.

John

One of the three at the house.

Talk it through

  1. Women supported Jesus' mission out of their own resources. What does it mean that Luke puts that in?
  2. Jesus says his true family are those who hear and do the word. What kind of belonging does he offer?
  3. The people of the region ask Jesus to leave, and the healed man wants to go with him. What does Jesus' answer tell each of them?
  4. Jairus is told, "Don't be afraid; only believe." What would believing mean to a father who has just heard his daughter has died?

Read Luke 8

World English Bible

1Soon afterwards, he went about through cities and villages, preaching and bringing the good news of God’s Kingdom. With him were the twelve, 2and certain women who had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities: Mary who was called Magdalene, from whom seven demons had gone out; 3and Joanna, the wife of Chuzas, Herod’s steward; Susanna; and many others; who served them from their possessions. 4When a great multitude came together, and people from every city were coming to him, he spoke by a parable. 5“The farmer went out to sow his seed. As he sowed, some fell along the road, and it was trampled under foot, and the birds of the sky devoured it. 6Other seed fell on the rock, and as soon as it grew, it withered away, because it had no moisture. 7Other fell amid the thorns, and the thorns grew with it, and choked it. 8Other fell into the good ground, and grew, and produced one hundred times as much fruit.” As he said these things, he called out, “He who has ears to hear, let him hear!”

9Then his disciples asked him, “What does this parable mean?”

10He said, “To you it is given to know the mysteries of God’s Kingdom, but to the rest in parables; that ‘seeing they may not see, and hearing they may not understand.’ 11Now the parable is this: The seed is the word of God. 12Those along the road are those who hear, then the devil comes, and takes away the word from their heart, that they may not believe and be saved. 13Those on the rock are they who, when they hear, receive the word with joy; but these have no root, who believe for a while, then fall away in time of temptation. 14That which fell among the thorns, these are those who have heard, and as they go on their way they are choked with cares, riches, and pleasures of life, and bring no fruit to maturity. 15Those in the good ground, these are those who with an honest and good heart, having heard the word, hold it tightly, and produce fruit with perseverance.

16“No one, when he has lit a lamp, covers it with a container, or puts it under a bed; but puts it on a stand, that those who enter in may see the light. 17For nothing is hidden that will not be revealed; nor anything secret that will not be known and come to light. 18Be careful therefore how you hear. For whoever has, to him will be given; and whoever doesn’t have, from him will be taken away even that which he thinks he has.”

19His mother and brothers came to him, and they could not come near him for the crowd. 20Some people told him, “Your mother and your brothers stand outside, desiring to see you.”

21But he answered them, “My mother and my brothers are these who hear the word of God, and do it.”

22Now on one of those days, he entered into a boat, himself and his disciples, and he said to them, “Let’s go over to the other side of the lake.” So they launched out. 23But as they sailed, he fell asleep. A wind storm came down on the lake, and they were taking on dangerous amounts of water. 24They came to him, and awoke him, saying, “Master, master, we are dying!” He awoke, and rebuked the wind and the raging of the water, and they ceased, and it was calm. 25He said to them, “Where is your faith?” Being afraid they marveled, saying to one another, “Who is this then, that he commands even the winds and the water, and they obey him?” 26They arrived at the country of the Gadarenes, which is opposite Galilee.

27When Jesus stepped ashore, a certain man out of the city who had demons for a long time met him. He wore no clothes, and didn’t live in a house, but in the tombs. 28When he saw Jesus, he cried out, and fell down before him, and with a loud voice said, “What do I have to do with you, Jesus, you Son of the Most High God? I beg you, don’t torment me!” 29For Jesus was commanding the unclean spirit to come out of the man. For the unclean spirit had often seized the man. He was kept under guard, and bound with chains and fetters. Breaking the bonds apart, he was driven by the demon into the desert.

30Jesus asked him, “What is your name?”

He said, “Legion,” for many demons had entered into him. 31They begged him that he would not command them to go into the abyss. 32Now there was there a herd of many pigs feeding on the mountain, and they begged him that he would allow them to enter into those. Then he allowed them. 33The demons came out of the man, and entered into the pigs, and the herd rushed down the steep bank into the lake, and were drowned. 34When those who fed them saw what had happened, they fled and told it in the city and in the country.

35People went out to see what had happened. They came to Jesus and found the man from whom the demons had gone out, sitting at Jesus’ feet, clothed and in his right mind; and they were afraid. 36Those who saw it told them how he who had been possessed by demons was healed. 37All the people of the surrounding country of the Gadarenes asked him to depart from them, for they were very much afraid. Then he entered into the boat and returned. 38But the man from whom the demons had gone out begged him that he might go with him, but Jesus sent him away, saying, 39“Return to your house, and declare what great things God has done for you.” He went his way, proclaiming throughout the whole city what great things Jesus had done for him.

40When Jesus returned, the multitude welcomed him, for they were all waiting for him. 41Behold, a man named Jairus came. He was a ruler of the synagogue. He fell down at Jesus’ feet, and begged him to come into his house, 42for he had an only daughter, about twelve years of age, and she was dying. But as he went, the multitudes pressed against him. 43A woman who had a flow of blood for twelve years, who had spent all her living on physicians and could not be healed by any 44came behind him, and touched the fringe of his cloak. Immediately the flow of her blood stopped. 45Jesus said, “Who touched me?”

When all denied it, Peter and those with him said, “Master, the multitudes press and jostle you, and you say, ‘Who touched me?’”

46But Jesus said, “Someone did touch me, for I perceived that power has gone out of me.” 47When the woman saw that she was not hidden, she came trembling, and falling down before him declared to him in the presence of all the people the reason why she had touched him, and how she was healed immediately. 48He said to her, “Daughter, cheer up. Your faith has made you well. Go in peace.”

49While he still spoke, one from the ruler of the synagogue’s house came, saying to him, “Your daughter is dead. Don’t trouble the Teacher.”

50But Jesus hearing it, answered him, “Don’t be afraid. Only believe, and she will be healed.”

51When he came to the house, he didn’t allow anyone to enter in, except Peter, John, James, the father of the child, and her mother. 52All were weeping and mourning her, but he said, “Don’t weep. She isn’t dead, but sleeping.”

53They were ridiculing him, knowing that she was dead. 54But he put them all outside, and taking her by the hand, he called, saying, “Child, arise!” 55Her spirit returned, and she rose up immediately. He commanded that something be given to her to eat. 56Her parents were amazed, but he commanded them to tell no one what had been done.

Text: World English Bible, Public domain. About our sources