Acts 11
- Who wrote it
- Traditionally Luke, a doctor and companion of Paul
- Who it was for
- Theophilus and other followers of Jesus
- What was happening
- Peter explains himself, and the church at Antioch grows
What’s happening
The apostles and the brothers in Judea hear that the Gentiles have also received the word of God, and when Peter goes up to Jerusalem, those of the circumcision contend with him: "You went in to uncircumcised men, and ate with them!" Peter begins and explains in order: he was praying in Joppa and in a trance saw a vision, a great sheet let down from the sky, and was told to kill and eat, and answered, "Not so, Lord, for nothing unholy or unclean has ever entered into my mouth." The voice answered, "What God has cleansed, don't you call unclean." Three men sent from Caesarea came to the house, and the Spirit told him to go with them, doubting nothing; six brothers accompanied him, and they entered the man's house. The man told them how he had seen the angel who said, "Send to Joppa, and get Simon, who is surnamed Peter, who will speak words to you by which you will be saved, you and all your house." "As I began to speak, the Holy Spirit fell on them, even as on us at the beginning. I remembered the word of the Lord, how he said, 'John indeed baptized in water, but you will be baptized in the Holy Spirit.' If then God gave to them the same gift as us, when we believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, who was I, that I could withstand God?" When they hear these things, they hold their peace and glorify God: "Then God has also granted to the Gentiles repentance to life!" Now those who were scattered by the persecution that arose over Stephen travel as far as Phoenicia, Cyprus, and Antioch, speaking the word to no one except Jews. But some of them, men of Cyprus and Cyrene, come to Antioch and speak to the Hellenists also, preaching the Lord Jesus. The hand of the Lord is with them, and a great number believe and turn to the Lord. The report about them comes to the church in Jerusalem, and they send out Barnabas to go as far as Antioch. When he comes and sees the grace of God, he is glad and exhorts them all to continue with the Lord with purpose of heart, for he is a good man, full of the Holy Spirit and of faith, and many people are added to the Lord. Barnabas goes to Tarsus to look for Saul, and when he finds him, brings him to Antioch. For a whole year they meet with the church and teach many people, and the disciples are first called Christians in Antioch. In these days prophets come down from Jerusalem to Antioch. One of them named Agabus stands up and signifies by the Spirit that there will be a great famine all over the world, which happens in the days of Claudius. The disciples determine, each according to his ability, to send relief to the brothers who live in Judea, and they do so, sending it to the elders by the hand of Barnabas and Saul.
Why the setting matters
Peter's retelling shows how seriously the church took the question, and the repetition of the story from 10:1-48 is deliberate; Luke tells it a third time at the Jerusalem Council. The "circumcision party" objection is not to the preaching but to table fellowship with Gentiles. The scattered believers who spoke to Greeks in Antioch were unnamed men of Cyprus and Cyrene. Antioch on the Orontes was the third-largest city in the Roman Empire after Rome and Alexandria, with a large Jewish community, and became the base of the Gentile mission. The name "Christians" (Christianoi) is a Greek-Latin hybrid like "Herodians," and was probably first given by outsiders; it occurs only three times in the New Testament (here, 26:28, and 1 Peter 4:16). Barnabas, who had vouched for Saul in Jerusalem, goes to Tarsus to find him, and they teach together for a year. Agabus' prophecy is the famine under Claudius (AD 41 to 54), which Josephus and other writers record, especially in Judea around AD 46 to 48. The famine relief from Antioch to Jerusalem shows the Gentile church supporting the Jewish church. The "elders" appear here for the first time as leaders of the Jerusalem church. How this visit relates to Paul's visits in Galatians 1 and 2 is debated.
Who’s in this chapter
Simon Peter
Explains to the Jerusalem church what he saw.
The circumcised believers
Object, then glorify God.
The scattered believers
Men of Cyprus and Cyrene who preach to Greeks at Antioch.
Barnabas
A good man full of the Holy Spirit and faith, who goes to find Saul.
Saul
Brought from Tarsus to Antioch.
Agabus
A prophet who foretells a great famine.
The disciples at Antioch
First called Christians, and send relief to Judea.
Claudius
The emperor in whose days the famine comes.
Talk it through
- Peter defends himself by telling the story in order. Why does that work better than an argument?
- The men from Cyprus and Cyrene spoke to Greeks, though they weren't told to. What does that say about how the church grows?
- Barnabas "saw the grace of God" and was glad. What does that suggest about how he led?
- The church at Antioch, mostly Gentile, sends money to Judea. What is that gift saying?
Read Acts 11
World English Bible
1Now the apostles and the brothers who were in Judea heard that the Gentiles had also received the word of God. 2When Peter had come up to Jerusalem, those who were of the circumcision contended with him, 3saying, “You went in to uncircumcised men, and ate with them!”
4But Peter began, and explained to them in order, saying, 5“I was in the city of Joppa praying, and in a trance I saw a vision: a certain container descending, like it was a great sheet let down from heaven by four corners. It came as far as me. 6When I had looked intently at it, I considered, and saw the four-footed animals of the earth, wild animals, creeping things, and birds of the sky. 7I also heard a voice saying to me, ‘Rise, Peter, kill and eat!’ 8But I said, ‘Not so, Lord, for nothing unholy or unclean has ever entered into my mouth.’ 9But a voice answered me the second time out of heaven, ‘What God has cleansed, don’t you call unclean.’ 10This was done three times, and all were drawn up again into heaven. 11Behold, immediately three men stood before the house where I was, having been sent from Caesarea to me. 12The Spirit told me to go with them, without discriminating. These six brothers also accompanied me, and we entered into the man’s house. 13He told us how he had seen the angel standing in his house, and saying to him, ‘Send to Joppa, and get Simon, who is called Peter, 14who will speak to you words by which you will be saved, you and all your house.’ 15As I began to speak, the Holy Spirit fell on them, even as on us at the beginning. 16I remembered the word of the Lord, how he said, ‘John indeed baptized in water, but you will be baptized in the Holy Spirit.’ 17If then God gave to them the same gift as us, when we believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, who was I, that I could withstand God?”
18When they heard these things, they held their peace, and glorified God, saying, “Then God has also granted to the Gentiles repentance to life!”
19They therefore who were scattered abroad by the oppression that arose about Stephen traveled as far as Phoenicia, Cyprus, and Antioch, speaking the word to no one except to Jews only. 20But there were some of them, men of Cyprus and Cyrene, who, when they had come to Antioch, spoke to the Hellenists, preaching the Lord Jesus. 21The hand of the Lord was with them, and a great number believed and turned to the Lord. 22The report concerning them came to the ears of the assembly which was in Jerusalem. They sent out Barnabas to go as far as Antioch, 23who, when he had come, and had seen the grace of God, was glad. He exhorted them all, that with purpose of heart they should remain near to the Lord. 24For he was a good man, and full of the Holy Spirit and of faith, and many people were added to the Lord.
25Barnabas went out to Tarsus to look for Saul. 26When he had found him, he brought him to Antioch. For a whole year they were gathered together with the assembly, and taught many people. The disciples were first called Christians in Antioch.
27Now in these days, prophets came down from Jerusalem to Antioch. 28One of them named Agabus stood up, and indicated by the Spirit that there should be a great famine all over the world, which also happened in the days of Claudius. 29As any of the disciples had plenty, each determined to send relief to the brothers who lived in Judea; 30which they also did, sending it to the elders by the hands of Barnabas and Saul.
Text: World English Bible, Public domain. About our sources