Setting the scene
Who wrote it
Traditionally Luke, a doctor and companion of Paul
Who it was for
Theophilus and other followers of Jesus
What was happening
A young man falls from a window in Troas, and Paul's farewell to the Ephesian elders at Miletus
Read the full background in the book overview

What’s happening

After the uproar ceases, Paul sends for the disciples, takes his leave, and goes to Macedonia. When he has gone through those parts and encouraged them with many words, he comes into Greece and spends three months there. When the Jews make a plot against him as he is about to set sail for Syria, he decides to return through Macedonia. He is accompanied by Sopater of Beroea, Aristarchus and Secundus of Thessalonica, Gaius of Derbe, Timothy, and Tychicus and Trophimus of Asia. These go ahead and wait for us at Troas. We sail away from Philippi after the days of Unleavened Bread and come to them at Troas in five days, where we stay seven days. On the first day of the week, when the disciples are gathered together to break bread, Paul talks with them, intending to depart the next day, and continues his speech until midnight. There are many lamps in the upper chamber where they are gathered. A certain young man named Eutychus sits in the window, weighed down with deep sleep, and as Paul talks still longer, he sinks down with sleep and falls from the third story, and is taken up dead. Paul goes down, falls on him, and embraces him: "Don't be troubled, for his life is in him." When he has gone up, broken the bread, eaten, and talked with them a long while, even until break of day, he departs. They bring the young man in alive, and are greatly comforted. We go ahead to the ship, sail to Assos, intending to take Paul aboard there, and so on to Mitylene, Chios, Samos, and Miletus, for Paul has decided to sail past Ephesus, so that he won't have to spend time in Asia; he is hurrying to be at Jerusalem, if possible, on the day of Pentecost. From Miletus he sends to Ephesus and calls to himself the elders of the assembly. He says, "You yourselves know, from the first day that I set foot in Asia, how I was with you all the time, serving the Lord with all humility, with many tears, and with trials which happened to me by the plots of the Jews; how I didn't shrink from declaring to you anything that was profitable, teaching you publicly and from house to house, testifying both to Jews and to Greeks repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ. Now, behold, I go bound by the Spirit to Jerusalem, not knowing what will happen to me there, except that the Holy Spirit testifies in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions wait for me. But these things don't count; nor do I hold my life dear to myself, so that I may finish my race with joy, and the ministry which I received from the Lord Jesus, to testify to the Good News of the grace of God. Now, behold, I know that you all, among whom I went about preaching the Kingdom of God, will see my face no more." "Therefore I testify to you this day that I am clean from the blood of all men, for I didn't shrink from declaring to you the whole counsel of God. Take heed therefore to yourselves, and to all the flock, in which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to shepherd the assembly of the Lord and God which he purchased with his own blood. For I know that after my departure, vicious wolves will enter in among you, not sparing the flock. Men will arise from among your own selves, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after them. Therefore watch, remembering that for a period of three years I didn't cease to admonish everyone night and day with tears." "Now, brothers, I entrust you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified. I coveted no one's silver, or gold, or clothing. You yourselves know that these hands ministered to my necessities, and to those who were with me. In all things I gave you an example, that so laboring you ought to help the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord Jesus, that he himself said, 'It is more blessed to give than to receive.'" When he has spoken these things, he kneels down and prays with them all. They all weep severely, fall on Paul's neck and kiss him, sorrowing most of all because of the word which he had spoken, that they should see his face no more. They bring him on his way to the ship.

Why the setting matters

This chapter has the third "we" section (from Philippi on), which implies the narrator rejoined Paul in Philippi. The collection for the church in Jerusalem, mentioned in Paul's letters (Romans 15:25-27, 1 Corinthians 16:1-4), explains why so many delegates from the churches go with him; Luke does not mention it here. Troas was a port on the Aegean coast. The meeting "on the first day of the week" for the breaking of bread is the earliest clear picture of Sunday worship, and the long talking, the many lamps, and Eutychus (whose name means "fortunate") falling from a third-story window are told with humor; the language says he was "taken up dead," and Paul's words, "his life is in him," are read as a raising. Miletus is about thirty miles south of Ephesus. Paul's address to the Ephesian elders is the only speech in Acts to believers, and it looks back at his ministry and ahead to his suffering. The elders are called "overseers" (episkopoi) and told to "shepherd" the flock, which shows that elder, overseer, and shepherd describe the same role. The "wolves" prefigure the false teaching described in 1 Timothy. "It is more blessed to give than to receive" is attributed to Jesus but is not in the Gospels; it may come from oral tradition. Paul's hard labor shows he refused to take pay from them.

Read Acts 20 (World English Bible)

Who’s in this chapter

Paul

Travels to Troas and Miletus, and bids farewell.

Paul's companions

Sopater, Aristarchus, Secundus, Gaius, Timothy, Tychicus, and Trophimus.

Luke

The narrator, with Paul from Philippi.

Eutychus

A young man who falls asleep and falls from a window.

The Ephesian elders

Called to Miletus to hear Paul's farewell.

The disciples at Troas

Gather on the first day of the week to break bread.

Talk it through

  1. Eutychus falls asleep and falls. What do you do with a story that is both serious and a little funny?
  2. Paul calls himself "clean from the blood of all men." What does he think his responsibility was?
  3. The elders are told to watch for wolves from outside and from among themselves. How does that shape what a leader does?
  4. "It is more blessed to give than to receive." How does Paul's own life illustrate that?

Read Acts 20

World English Bible

1After the uproar had ceased, Paul sent for the disciples, took leave of them, and departed to go into Macedonia. 2When he had gone through those parts, and had encouraged them with many words, he came into Greece. 3When he had spent three months there, and a plot was made against him by Jews as he was about to set sail for Syria, he determined to return through Macedonia. 4These accompanied him as far as Asia: Sopater of Beroea; Aristarchus and Secundus of the Thessalonians; Gaius of Derbe; Timothy; and Tychicus and Trophimus of Asia. 5But these had gone ahead, and were waiting for us at Troas. 6We sailed away from Philippi after the days of Unleavened Bread, and came to them at Troas in five days, where we stayed seven days.

7On the first day of the week, when the disciples were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and continued his speech until midnight. 8There were many lights in the upper room where we were gathered together. 9A certain young man named Eutychus sat in the window, weighed down with deep sleep. As Paul spoke still longer, being weighed down by his sleep, he fell down from the third floor and was taken up dead. 10Paul went down and fell upon him, and embracing him said, “Don’t be troubled, for his life is in him.”

11When he had gone up, and had broken bread and eaten, and had talked with them a long while, even until break of day, he departed. 12They brought the boy in alive, and were greatly comforted.

13But we, going ahead to the ship, set sail for Assos, intending to take Paul aboard there; for he had so arranged, intending himself to go by land. 14When he met us at Assos, we took him aboard, and came to Mitylene. 15Sailing from there, we came the following day opposite Chios. The next day we touched at Samos and stayed at Trogyllium, and the day after we came to Miletus. 16For Paul had determined to sail past Ephesus, that he might not have to spend time in Asia; for he was hastening, if it were possible for him, to be in Jerusalem on the day of Pentecost.

17From Miletus he sent to Ephesus, and called to himself the elders of the assembly. 18When they had come to him, he said to them, “You yourselves know, from the first day that I set foot in Asia, how I was with you all the time, 19serving the Lord with all humility, with many tears, and with trials which happened to me by the plots of the Jews; 20how I didn’t shrink from declaring to you anything that was profitable, teaching you publicly and from house to house, 21testifying both to Jews and to Greeks repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus. 22Now, behold, I go bound by the Spirit to Jerusalem, not knowing what will happen to me there; 23except that the Holy Spirit testifies in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions wait for me. 24But these things don’t count; nor do I hold my life dear to myself, so that I may finish my race with joy, and the ministry which I received from the Lord Jesus, to fully testify to the Good News of the grace of God.

25“Now, behold, I know that you all, among whom I went about preaching God’s Kingdom, will see my face no more. 26Therefore I testify to you today that I am clean from the blood of all men, 27for I didn’t shrink from declaring to you the whole counsel of God. 28Take heed, therefore, to yourselves, and to all the flock, in which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to shepherd the assembly of the Lord and God which he purchased with his own blood. 29For I know that after my departure, vicious wolves will enter in among you, not sparing the flock. 30Men will arise from among your own selves, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after them. 31Therefore watch, remembering that for a period of three years I didn’t cease to admonish everyone night and day with tears. 32Now, brothers, I entrust you to God and to the word of his grace, which is able to build up, and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified. 33I coveted no one’s silver, gold, or clothing. 34You yourselves know that these hands served my necessities, and those who were with me. 35In all things I gave you an example, that so laboring you ought to help the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord Jesus, that he himself said, ‘It is more blessed to give than to receive.’”

36When he had spoken these things, he knelt down and prayed with them all. 37They all wept freely, and fell on Paul’s neck and kissed him, 38sorrowing most of all because of the word which he had spoken, that they should see his face no more. Then they accompanied him to the ship.

Text: World English Bible, Public domain. About our sources