Acts 27
- Who wrote it
- Traditionally Luke, a doctor and companion of Paul
- Who it was for
- Theophilus and other followers of Jesus
- What was happening
- The voyage to Rome: a storm, a fourteen-day drift, and shipwreck
What’s happening
When it is decided that we should sail for Italy, they deliver Paul and certain other prisoners to a centurion named Julius, of the Augustan Cohort. Embarking in a ship of Adramyttium, which is about to sail to places on the coast of Asia, we put to sea, Aristarchus, a Macedonian of Thessalonica, being with us. The next day we touch at Sidon, and Julius treats Paul kindly and allows him to go to his friends and be cared for. Putting to sea from there, we sail under the lee of Cyprus because the winds are contrary, and at Myra in Lycia the centurion finds a ship of Alexandria sailing for Italy and puts us on board. When we have sailed slowly many days and have come with difficulty off Cnidus, the wind not allowing us, we sail under the lee of Crete, off Salmone, and with difficulty coast along it and come to a place called Fair Havens. When much time has passed and the voyage is now dangerous because the Fast is already over, Paul advises them, "Sirs, I perceive that the voyage will be with injury and much loss, not only of the cargo and the ship, but also of our lives." But the centurion gives more heed to the pilot and the owner of the ship than to what Paul says, and as the harbor is not suitable to winter in, the majority decide to put to sea from there, if by any means they can reach Phoenix and winter there. When the south wind blows softly, supposing that they have obtained their purpose, they weigh anchor and sail along Crete, close to shore. But soon a tempestuous wind called Euroclydon beats down from the island, and when the ship is caught and cannot face the wind, we let her drive. Running under the lee of a small island called Cauda, we are able, with difficulty, to secure the lifeboat, and after hoisting it up, they use supports to undergird the ship; and fearing that they will run aground on the Syrtis, they lower the gear and so are driven. As we are exceedingly tossed with the storm, the next day they throw the cargo overboard, and on the third day they throw out the ship's tackle with their own hands. When neither sun nor stars appear for many days, and no small tempest lies on us, all hope that we will be saved is taken away. When they have been long without food, Paul stands in the middle of them: "Sirs, you should have listened to me, and not have set sail from Crete and have gotten this injury and loss. Now I exhort you to cheer up, for there will be no loss of life among you, but only of the ship. For there stood by me this night an angel of the God whose I am and whom I serve, saying, 'Don't be afraid, Paul. You must stand before Caesar. Behold, God has granted you all those who sail with you.' Therefore, sirs, cheer up! For I believe God, that it will be just as it has been spoken to me. But we must be cast on a certain island." The fourteenth night, as we are driven back and forth in the Adriatic Sea, about midnight the sailors surmise that they are drawing near to some land. They take soundings and find twenty fathoms; a little farther, they find fifteen. Fearing that we will run aground on rocky ground, they throw out four anchors from the stern and wish for daylight. As the sailors are trying to flee out of the ship and have lowered the boat into the sea, pretending that they would lay out anchors from the bow, Paul says to the centurion and to the soldiers, "Unless these stay in the ship, you can't be saved." Then the soldiers cut away the ropes of the boat and let it fall off. While the day is coming on, Paul begs them all to take food, saying, "This day is the fourteenth day that you wait and continue fasting, having taken nothing. Therefore I beg you to take some food, for this is for your safety, for not a hair will perish from the head of any of you." When he has said this, and has taken bread, he gives thanks to God in the presence of all, and he breaks it and begins to eat. Then they are all encouraged, and they also take food. In all we are two hundred seventy-six souls in the ship. When they have eaten enough, they lighten the ship by throwing out the wheat into the sea. When it is day, they do not recognize the land, but notice a certain bay with a beach, and they plan to run the ship ashore if they can. Casting off the anchors, they leave them in the sea, at the same time loosing the rudder ropes, and hoisting up the foresail to the wind, they make for the beach. But striking a place where two seas meet, they run the vessel aground, and the bow sticks and remains immovable, but the stern is broken up by the violence of the waves. The soldiers' counsel is to kill the prisoners, lest any should swim out and escape, but the centurion, desiring to save Paul, keeps them from their purpose and commands that those who can swim should throw themselves overboard first to go to the land, and the rest, some on planks, and some on other things from the ship. So it happens that they all escape safely to the land.
Why the setting matters
This chapter is the longest "we" section and is full of nautical detail that experts have praised for its accuracy: ports, winds, landmarks, the undergirding of the ship with cables, and the depth soundings. The ship from Adramyttium (in the northwest of Asia Minor) takes the prisoners as far as Myra, a major port in Lycia, where they transfer to a large Alexandrian grain ship, one of the fleet that carried Egyptian wheat to Rome; 276 people on board is plausible for such a ship. The "Fast" is the Day of Atonement in late September or early October; after that date, and especially from mid-November to early March, Mediterranean sailing was considered dangerous or closed. Paul's advice, as a seasoned traveler (2 Corinthians 11:25 says he had been shipwrecked three times already), is overruled by the pilot and owner. Fair Havens is a harbor on the south coast of Crete, and Phoenix was another harbor to the west. "Euroclydon" (or Euraquilo) was a northeaster wind, and Cauda is a small island south of Crete. The Syrtis were treacherous sandbanks off the Libyan coast. The "Adriatic" here means the central Mediterranean, not just the modern Adriatic. The theme of the chapter is that Paul, a prisoner, becomes the person in charge of the situation, with the assurance that God has granted all aboard to him. The meal, in which Paul takes bread, gives thanks, and breaks it, echoes the Last Supper and the feeding of the five thousand, though the text does not say it is a Eucharist. The soldiers' plan to kill the prisoners was the normal consequence for a soldier who lost a prisoner.
Who’s in this chapter
Paul
Warns, encourages, and takes charge in the storm.
Julius
A centurion of the Augustan Cohort, who treats Paul kindly.
Aristarchus
Travels with Paul.
Luke
The narrator, who says "we."
The pilot and the owner
Whom the centurion believes over Paul.
The sailors
Try to flee in the lifeboat.
The soldiers
Cut the lifeboat loose, and plan to kill the prisoners.
The other prisoners
Taken to Rome with Paul.
Talk it through
- Paul warns against sailing and is ignored. What does Luke say about listening to a prisoner?
- Paul says, "God has granted you all those who sail with you." What does that say about his sense of responsibility?
- Paul breaks bread in front of all 276. What do you see in that scene?
- Julius saves Paul in the end by stopping the soldiers. What does Luke seem to be doing with the Roman characters?
Read Acts 27
World English Bible
1When it was determined that we should sail for Italy, they delivered Paul and certain other prisoners to a centurion named Julius, of the Augustan band. 2Embarking in a ship of Adramyttium, which was about to sail to places on the coast of Asia, we put to sea, Aristarchus, a Macedonian of Thessalonica, being with us. 3The next day, we touched at Sidon. Julius treated Paul kindly, and gave him permission to go to his friends and refresh himself. 4Putting to sea from there, we sailed under the lee of Cyprus, because the winds were contrary. 5When we had sailed across the sea which is off Cilicia and Pamphylia, we came to Myra, a city of Lycia. 6There the centurion found a ship of Alexandria sailing for Italy, and he put us on board. 7When we had sailed slowly many days, and had come with difficulty opposite Cnidus, the wind not allowing us further, we sailed under the lee of Crete, opposite Salmone. 8With difficulty sailing along it we came to a certain place called Fair Havens, near the city of Lasea.
9When much time had passed and the voyage was now dangerous, because the Fast had now already gone by, Paul admonished them 10and said to them, “Sirs, I perceive that the voyage will be with injury and much loss, not only of the cargo and the ship, but also of our lives.” 11But the centurion gave more heed to the master and to the owner of the ship than to those things which were spoken by Paul. 12Because the haven was not suitable to winter in, the majority advised going to sea from there, if by any means they could reach Phoenix, and winter there, which is a port of Crete, looking southwest and northwest.
13When the south wind blew softly, supposing that they had obtained their purpose, they weighed anchor and sailed along Crete, close to shore. 14But before long, a stormy wind beat down from shore, which is called Euroclydon. 15When the ship was caught and couldn’t face the wind, we gave way to it and were driven along. 16Running under the lee of a small island called Clauda, we were able, with difficulty, to secure the boat. 17After they had hoisted it up, they used cables to help reinforce the ship. Fearing that they would run aground on the Syrtis sand bars, they lowered the sea anchor, and so were driven along. 18As we labored exceedingly with the storm, the next day they began to throw things overboard. 19On the third day, they threw out the ship’s tackle with their own hands. 20When neither sun nor stars shone on us for many days, and no small storm pressed on us, all hope that we would be saved was now taken away.
21When they had been long without food, Paul stood up in the middle of them, and said, “Sirs, you should have listened to me, and not have set sail from Crete and have gotten this injury and loss. 22Now I exhort you to cheer up, for there will be no loss of life among you, but only of the ship. 23For there stood by me this night an angel, belonging to the God whose I am and whom I serve, 24saying, ‘Don’t be afraid, Paul. You must stand before Caesar. Behold, God has granted you all those who sail with you.’ 25Therefore, sirs, cheer up! For I believe God, that it will be just as it has been spoken to me. 26But we must run aground on a certain island.”
27But when the fourteenth night had come, as we were driven back and forth in the Adriatic Sea, about midnight the sailors surmised that they were drawing near to some land. 28They took soundings, and found twenty fathoms. After a little while, they took soundings again, and found fifteen fathoms. 29Fearing that we would run aground on rocky ground, they let go four anchors from the stern, and wished for daylight. 30As the sailors were trying to flee out of the ship, and had lowered the boat into the sea, pretending that they would lay out anchors from the bow, 31Paul said to the centurion and to the soldiers, “Unless these stay in the ship, you can’t be saved.” 32Then the soldiers cut away the ropes of the boat, and let it fall off.
33While the day was coming on, Paul begged them all to take some food, saying, “Today is the fourteenth day that you wait and continue fasting, having taken nothing. 34Therefore I beg you to take some food; for this is for your safety; for not a hair will perish from any of your heads.” 35When he had said this, and had taken bread, he gave thanks to God in the presence of all, then he broke it and began to eat. 36Then they all cheered up, and they also took food. 37In all, we were two hundred seventy-six souls on the ship. 38When they had eaten enough, they lightened the ship, throwing out the wheat into the sea. 39When it was day, they didn’t recognize the land, but they noticed a certain bay with a beach, and they decided to try to drive the ship onto it. 40Casting off the anchors, they left them in the sea, at the same time untying the rudder ropes. Hoisting up the foresail to the wind, they made for the beach. 41But coming to a place where two seas met, they ran the vessel aground. The bow struck and remained immovable, but the stern began to break up by the violence of the waves.
42The soldiers’ counsel was to kill the prisoners, so that none of them would swim out and escape. 43But the centurion, desiring to save Paul, stopped them from their purpose, and commanded that those who could swim should throw themselves overboard first to go toward the land; 44and the rest should follow, some on planks, and some on other things from the ship. So they all escaped safely to the land.
Text: World English Bible, Public domain. About our sources