Matthew 25
- Who wrote it
- Traditionally Matthew
- Who it was for
- Jewish followers of Jesus
- What was happening
- On the Mount of Olives: three stories about being ready and being faithful
What’s happening
Jesus tells three stories. In the first, ten bridesmaids take their lamps to meet the bridegroom: five are wise and bring extra oil, and five are foolish and don't. The bridegroom is delayed and all fall asleep; at midnight there is a shout, and the foolish ask the wise for oil. They answer no, there isn't enough, go buy some. While the foolish are away the bridegroom comes, the wise go in with him to the wedding feast, and the door is shut. The others come back and call, "Lord, Lord, open to us," and he says, "I don't know you." "Watch therefore, for you don't know the day nor the hour." In the second, a man going on a journey entrusts his property to three servants: five talents, two, and one, "to each according to his own ability." The first two put the money to work and double it, and when the master returns, he says to each, "Well done, good and faithful servant. You were faithful over a few things; I will set you over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord." The servant with one talent had buried it: "I knew you to be a hard man... I was afraid, and went away and hid your talent in the earth." The master calls him wicked and lazy, says he should at least have put the money with the bankers to earn interest, takes the talent and gives it to the one with ten. "For to everyone who has will be given, and he will have abundance, but from him who doesn't have, even that which he has will be taken away." The useless servant is thrown into the outer darkness. In the third, the Son of Man comes in his glory with all his angels and sits on his glorious throne, and all the nations are gathered before him. He separates them as a shepherd separates sheep from goats. To those on his right he says, "Come, blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world." He was hungry and they fed him, thirsty and they gave him a drink, a stranger and they took him in, naked and they clothed him, sick and they visited him, in prison and they came to him. "Lord, when did we see you hungry... ?" "Most certainly I tell you, inasmuch as you did it to one of the least of these my brothers, you did it to me." To those on his left he says the opposite: "Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire which is prepared for the devil and his angels," because they did none of these things, and "inasmuch as you didn't do it to one of the least of these, you didn't do it to me." These will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.
Why the setting matters
Weddings began in the evening with a procession, and lamps or torches were needed for the night walk; delays were normal, and the exact customs in the story aren't fully known. A talent was worth about 6,000 denarii, roughly sixteen to twenty years of a laborer's wages, so even the servant given one was handed a fortune. Burying money was commonly thought the safest way to keep it, which is why the master's anger at him is surprising. In Palestine sheep and goats often grazed in mixed flocks and were sorted in the evening, since goats needed more warmth. Who "the nations" are (all people) and who "the least of these my brothers" are is debated: any person in need, or Jesus' followers and messengers, as in 10:40-42. The word "eternal" (aionios) also means "of the age to come," and how to understand the length and nature of the punishment has been debated through church history.
Who’s in this chapter
Jesus
Teaches on the Mount of Olives, ending with a picture of the Son of Man as judge.
The disciples
Hear all three stories privately, as the last teaching before the Passion.
Talk it through
- In the bridesmaids story the wise can't share their oil. What is the story pointing at, and what does it say about being ready?
- The third servant buries his talent because he is afraid of his master. What picture of the master has he settled on, and what does the story say about it?
- At the judgment neither group knew they were serving or ignoring Jesus: "When did we see you?" Why might that matter?
- Who are "the least of these my brothers": any needy person, or Jesus' followers? What changes depending on your answer?
Read Matthew 25
World English Bible
1“Then the Kingdom of Heaven will be like ten virgins, who took their lamps, and went out to meet the bridegroom. 2Five of them were foolish, and five were wise. 3Those who were foolish, when they took their lamps, took no oil with them, 4but the wise took oil in their vessels with their lamps. 5Now while the bridegroom delayed, they all slumbered and slept. 6But at midnight there was a cry, ‘Behold! The bridegroom is coming! Come out to meet him!’ 7Then all those virgins arose, and trimmed their lamps. 8The foolish said to the wise, ‘Give us some of your oil, for our lamps are going out.’ 9But the wise answered, saying, ‘What if there isn’t enough for us and you? You go rather to those who sell, and buy for yourselves.’ 10While they went away to buy, the bridegroom came, and those who were ready went in with him to the wedding feast, and the door was shut. 11Afterward the other virgins also came, saying, ‘Lord, Lord, open to us.’ 12But he answered, ‘Most certainly I tell you, I don’t know you.’ 13Watch therefore, for you don’t know the day nor the hour in which the Son of Man is coming.
14“For it is like a man, going into another country, who called his own servants, and entrusted his goods to them. 15To one he gave five talents, to another two, to another one; to each according to his own ability. Then he went on his journey. 16Immediately he who received the five talents went and traded with them, and made another five talents. 17In the same way, he also who got the two gained another two. 18But he who received the one talent went away and dug in the earth, and hid his lord’s money.
19“Now after a long time the lord of those servants came, and reconciled accounts with them. 20He who received the five talents came and brought another five talents, saying, ‘Lord, you delivered to me five talents. Behold, I have gained another five talents in addition to them.’
21“His lord said to him, ‘Well done, good and faithful servant. You have been faithful over a few things, I will set you over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord.’
22“He also who got the two talents came and said, ‘Lord, you delivered to me two talents. Behold, I have gained another two talents in addition to them.’
23“His lord said to him, ‘Well done, good and faithful servant. You have been faithful over a few things, I will set you over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord.’
24“He also who had received the one talent came and said, ‘Lord, I knew you that you are a hard man, reaping where you didn’t sow, and gathering where you didn’t scatter. 25I was afraid, and went away and hid your talent in the earth. Behold, you have what is yours.’
26“But his lord answered him, ‘You wicked and slothful servant. You knew that I reap where I didn’t sow, and gather where I didn’t scatter. 27You ought therefore to have deposited my money with the bankers, and at my coming I should have received back my own with interest. 28Take away therefore the talent from him, and give it to him who has the ten talents. 29For to everyone who has will be given, and he will have abundance, but from him who doesn’t have, even that which he has will be taken away. 30Throw out the unprofitable servant into the outer darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’
31“But when the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then he will sit on the throne of his glory. 32Before him all the nations will be gathered, and he will separate them one from another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. 33He will set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left. 34Then the King will tell those on his right hand, ‘Come, blessed of my Father, inherit the Kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world; 35for I was hungry, and you gave me food to eat. I was thirsty, and you gave me drink. I was a stranger, and you took me in. 36I was naked, and you clothed me. I was sick, and you visited me. I was in prison, and you came to me.’
37“Then the righteous will answer him, saying, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry, and feed you; or thirsty, and give you a drink? 38When did we see you as a stranger, and take you in; or naked, and clothe you? 39When did we see you sick, or in prison, and come to you?’
40“The King will answer them, ‘Most certainly I tell you, because you did it to one of the least of these my brothers, you did it to me.’ 41Then he will say also to those on the left hand, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire which is prepared for the devil and his angels; 42for I was hungry, and you didn’t give me food to eat; I was thirsty, and you gave me no drink; 43I was a stranger, and you didn’t take me in; naked, and you didn’t clothe me; sick, and in prison, and you didn’t visit me.’
44“Then they will also answer, saying, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry, or thirsty, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and didn’t help you?’
45“Then he will answer them, saying, ‘Most certainly I tell you, because you didn’t do it to one of the least of these, you didn’t do it to me.’ 46These will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”
Text: World English Bible, Public domain. About our sources