Setting the scene
Who wrote it
Traditionally Matthew
Who it was for
Jewish followers of Jesus
What was happening
The last years of Herod the Great
Read the full background in the book overview

What’s happening

Magi from the east arrive in Jerusalem asking where the newborn king of the Jews is; they have seen his star. King Herod is disturbed, and all Jerusalem with him. The chief priests and scribes point to Bethlehem, from the prophet Micah. Herod quietly asks the magi to report back. The star leads them to the child; they worship him and give gold, frankincense, and myrrh, then, warned in a dream, go home another way. Warned in a dream too, Joseph takes Mary and the child to Egypt. Herod has the boys in and around Bethlehem two years old and under killed. After Herod dies, the family returns, but Herod's son Archelaus rules Judea, so they settle in Nazareth in Galilee.

Why the setting matters

"King of the Jews" was Herod's own title, given by Rome, so the magi's question was a threat. Herod was known for killing rivals, including members of his own family. Egypt had large Jewish communities and lay outside his reach. Herod died around 4 BC, which is why Jesus' birth is usually placed a few years "before Christ"; the exact year is debated.

Read Matthew 2 (World English Bible)

Who’s in this chapter

The magi

Foreigners who come to worship, while Jerusalem's leaders stay put.

Herod the Great

Feels threatened by a baby and answers with violence.

Joseph

Acts on two more dreams to keep the child safe.

Archelaus

His rule in Judea is why the family settles in Galilee instead.

Talk it through

  1. The magi travel far to honor the king; the scribes know where he'll be born but don't go. What do you make of that contrast?
  2. Herod and the magi both ask about the same child. How does each respond?
  3. Matthew links Egypt and Hosea's "Out of Egypt I called my son" (2:15). What story from Israel's past does that bring to mind?
  4. This chapter includes real grief (2:18). How do you hold that alongside the joy of the magi?

Read Matthew 2

World English Bible

1Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of King Herod, behold, wise men from the east came to Jerusalem, saying, 2“Where is he who is born King of the Jews? For we saw his star in the east, and have come to worship him.” 3When King Herod heard it, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him. 4Gathering together all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he asked them where the Christ would be born. 5They said to him, “In Bethlehem of Judea, for this is written through the prophet,

6‘You Bethlehem, land of Judah, are in no way least among the princes of Judah: for out of you shall come a governor, who shall shepherd my people, Israel.’ ”

7Then Herod secretly called the wise men, and learned from them exactly what time the star appeared. 8He sent them to Bethlehem, and said, “Go and search diligently for the young child. When you have found him, bring me word, so that I also may come and worship him.”

9They, having heard the king, went their way; and behold, the star, which they saw in the east, went before them, until it came and stood over where the young child was. 10When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceedingly great joy. 11They came into the house and saw the young child with Mary, his mother, and they fell down and worshiped him. Opening their treasures, they offered to him gifts: gold, frankincense, and myrrh. 12Being warned in a dream not to return to Herod, they went back to their own country another way.

13Now when they had departed, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream, saying, “Arise and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt, and stay there until I tell you, for Herod will seek the young child to destroy him.”

14He arose and took the young child and his mother by night, and departed into Egypt, 15and was there until the death of Herod; that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying, “Out of Egypt I called my son.”

16Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked by the wise men, was exceedingly angry, and sent out, and killed all the male children who were in Bethlehem and in all the surrounding countryside, from two years old and under, according to the exact time which he had learned from the wise men. 17Then that which was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled, saying,

18“A voice was heard in Ramah, lamentation, weeping and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children; she wouldn’t be comforted, because they are no more.”

19But when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, saying, 20“Arise and take the young child and his mother, and go into the land of Israel, for those who sought the young child’s life are dead.”

21He arose and took the young child and his mother, and came into the land of Israel. 22But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning over Judea in the place of his father, Herod, he was afraid to go there. Being warned in a dream, he withdrew into the region of Galilee, 23and came and lived in a city called Nazareth; that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophets that he will be called a Nazarene.

Text: World English Bible, Public domain. About our sources