Setting the scene
Who wrote it
Traditionally Matthew
Who it was for
Jewish followers of Jesus
What was happening
On the Mount of Olives, looking across at the temple
Read the full background in the book overview

What’s happening

As Jesus leaves the temple, the disciples point out its buildings. He says, "Not one stone will be left here on another, that will not be thrown down." On the Mount of Olives they ask privately, "When will these things be, and what is the sign of your coming (parousia) and of the end of the age?" Jesus warns them not to be led astray: many will come in his name saying "I am the Christ." There will be wars and rumors of wars, famines and earthquakes, but "the end is not yet," for these are the beginning of birth pains. They will be handed over to tribulation, killed, and hated by all nations on account of his name; many will stumble and betray one another, false prophets will arise, lawlessness will increase, and love will grow cold, but the one who endures to the end will be saved. The gospel of the kingdom will be preached in the whole world as a testimony to all the nations, and then the end will come. When they see the abomination of desolation spoken of by Daniel standing in the holy place, those in Judea must flee to the mountains without turning back. It will be a great tribulation, and for the sake of the chosen those days will be shortened. They are not to believe claims that the Christ is here or there, for the Son of Man's coming will be like lightning from the east to the west. After the tribulation the sun will be darkened, the moon will not give light, and the stars will fall; the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven, all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds with power and great glory. He will send out his angels with a loud trumpet to gather his chosen from the four winds. From the fig tree learn: when its branches become tender and leaves come out, you know summer is near; so when you see all these things, know that he is near, at the doors. "This generation will not pass away until all these things are accomplished. Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will not pass away." "But no one knows of that day and hour, not even the angels of heaven, but my Father only." As in the days of Noah, people were eating, drinking, and marrying until the flood came; two will be in the field, one taken and one left. "Therefore watch, for you don't know in what hour your Lord comes." If the master of the house had known when the thief was coming, he would have stayed awake. A faithful and wise servant is the one whom his master finds doing his work when he returns; the wicked servant who says "My master is delayed" and begins to beat his fellow servants will be cut in pieces and put with the hypocrites, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

Why the setting matters

Herod's rebuilding of the temple made it one of the wonders of the ancient world, with massive stones; Rome destroyed it in AD 70, within a generation of Jesus' words, and Matthew's readers may have known that. The Mount of Olives faces the temple across the Kidron valley. "Birth pains" was a standard picture for the troubles before a new age in Jewish writing. "The abomination of desolation" comes from Daniel (9:27, 11:31, 12:11), where it first described the desecration of the temple by the Seleucid king Antiochus IV in 167 BC; Jesus points to another such event. What the chapter covers is debated: the fall of Jerusalem in AD 70, the end of history, or both, and the phrase "this generation" is read several ways. The WEB text reads "no one knows... but my Father only"; many manuscripts add "nor the Son." In the Greek world, parousia was the official arrival of a king or emperor on a visit. "Two in the field, one taken" is often read as being swept away as in the flood, though readers differ. The picture of the master's return and the servants' work continues in chapter 25.

Read Matthew 24 (World English Bible)

Who’s in this chapter

The disciples

Ask privately about the temple's fall and the end of the age.

Noah

His days are the picture of life carrying on until the flood.

Daniel

The prophet whose "abomination of desolation" Jesus cites.

Jesus

Describes what will come and calls his followers to watch.

Talk it through

  1. The disciples ask when and what sign. What does Jesus emphasize instead?
  2. Jesus warns against being led astray by false messiahs and against being alarmed by wars. What do those two warnings share?
  3. No one knows the day or hour, and yet Jesus says to watch. How do those two fit together?
  4. The faithful servant is the one found doing his work when the master returns. What would that look like day to day?

Read Matthew 24

World English Bible

1Jesus went out from the temple, and was going on his way. His disciples came to him to show him the buildings of the temple. 2But he answered them, “You see all of these things, don’t you? Most certainly I tell you, there will not be left here one stone on another, that will not be thrown down.”

3As he sat on the Mount of Olives, the disciples came to him privately, saying, “Tell us, when will these things be? What is the sign of your coming, and of the end of the age?”

4Jesus answered them, “Be careful that no one leads you astray. 5For many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am the Christ,’ and will lead many astray. 6You will hear of wars and rumors of wars. See that you aren’t troubled, for all this must happen, but the end is not yet. 7For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom; and there will be famines, plagues, and earthquakes in various places. 8But all these things are the beginning of birth pains. 9Then they will deliver you up to oppression, and will kill you. You will be hated by all of the nations for my name’s sake. 10Then many will stumble, and will deliver up one another, and will hate one another. 11Many false prophets will arise, and will lead many astray. 12Because iniquity will be multiplied, the love of many will grow cold. 13But he who endures to the end will be saved. 14This Good News of the Kingdom will be preached in the whole world for a testimony to all the nations, and then the end will come.

15“When, therefore, you see the abomination of desolation, which was spoken of through Daniel the prophet, standing in the holy place (let the reader understand), 16then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains. 17Let him who is on the housetop not go down to take out the things that are in his house. 18Let him who is in the field not return back to get his clothes. 19But woe to those who are with child and to nursing mothers in those days! 20Pray that your flight will not be in the winter, nor on a Sabbath, 21for then there will be great suffering, such as has not been from the beginning of the world until now, no, nor ever will be. 22Unless those days had been shortened, no flesh would have been saved. But for the sake of the chosen ones, those days will be shortened.

23“Then if any man tells you, ‘Behold, here is the Christ,’ or, ‘There,’ don’t believe it. 24For there will arise false christs, and false prophets, and they will show great signs and wonders, so as to lead astray, if possible, even the chosen ones.

25“Behold, I have told you beforehand. 26If therefore they tell you, ‘Behold, he is in the wilderness,’ don’t go out; or ‘Behold, he is in the inner rooms,’ don’t believe it. 27For as the lightning flashes from the east, and is seen even to the west, so will the coming of the Son of Man be. 28For wherever the carcass is, that is where the vultures gather together. 29But immediately after the suffering of those days, the sun will be darkened, the moon will not give its light, the stars will fall from the sky, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken; 30and then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in the sky. Then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of the sky with power and great glory. 31He will send out his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they will gather together his chosen ones from the four winds, from one end of the sky to the other.

32“Now from the fig tree learn this parable. When its branch has now become tender, and produces its leaves, you know that the summer is near. 33Even so you also, when you see all these things, know that it is near, even at the doors. 34Most certainly I tell you, this generation will not pass away, until all these things are accomplished. 35Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will not pass away. 36But no one knows of that day and hour, not even the angels of heaven, but my Father only.

37“As the days of Noah were, so will the coming of the Son of Man be. 38For as in those days which were before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah entered into the ship, 39and they didn’t know until the flood came, and took them all away, so will the coming of the Son of Man be. 40Then two men will be in the field: one will be taken and one will be left. 41Two women will be grinding at the mill: one will be taken and one will be left. 42Watch therefore, for you don’t know in what hour your Lord comes. 43But know this, that if the master of the house had known in what watch of the night the thief was coming, he would have watched, and would not have allowed his house to be broken into. 44Therefore also be ready, for in an hour that you don’t expect, the Son of Man will come.

45“Who then is the faithful and wise servant, whom his lord has set over his household, to give them their food in due season? 46Blessed is that servant whom his lord finds doing so when he comes. 47Most certainly I tell you that he will set him over all that he has. 48But if that evil servant should say in his heart, ‘My lord is delaying his coming,’ 49and begins to beat his fellow servants, and eat and drink with the drunkards, 50the lord of that servant will come in a day when he doesn’t expect it, and in an hour when he doesn’t know it, 51and will cut him in pieces, and appoint his portion with the hypocrites. That is where the weeping and grinding of teeth will be.

Text: World English Bible, Public domain. About our sources