John 7
- Who wrote it
- Traditionally John, the son of Zebedee
- Who it was for
- Followers of Jesus, Jewish and Gentile
- What was happening
- The Feast of Booths in Jerusalem: crowds divided, and rivers of living water
What’s happening
After these things Jesus walks in Galilee, because he does not want to walk in Judea, since the Jews seek to kill him. The Jews' feast of Booths is at hand, and his brothers say, "Depart from here, and go into Judea, that your disciples also may see your works which you do. For no one does anything in secret, while he himself seeks to be known openly. If you do these things, show yourself to the world." John adds that even his brothers did not believe in him. Jesus says, "My time has not yet come, but your time is always ready. The world can't hate you, but it hates me, because I testify about it, that its works are evil. You go up to the feast. I am not yet going up to this feast, because my time is not yet fulfilled." After his brothers have gone up, he goes up too, not publicly but in secret. At the feast the Jews look for him and ask, "Where is he?" and there is much murmuring about him among the crowds: some say, "He is a good man," others, "He leads the people astray." About the middle of the feast Jesus goes up into the temple and teaches. The Jews marvel, "How does this man know letters, having never been educated?" Jesus says, "My teaching is not mine, but his who sent me. If anyone desires to do his will, he will know about the teaching, whether it is from God, or if I speak from myself." He asks, "Why do you seek to kill me?" The crowd answers, "You have a demon! Who seeks to kill you?" He says, "I did one work, and you all marvel because of it. ... Don't judge according to appearance, but judge righteous judgment." Some of the people of Jerusalem say, "Isn't this he whom they seek to kill? Behold, he speaks openly, and they say nothing to him. Can it be that the rulers indeed know that this is truly the Christ? However we know where this man comes from, but when the Christ comes, no one will know where he comes from." Jesus cries out in the temple, "You both know me, and know where I am from. I have not come of myself, but he who sent me is true, whom you don't know. I know him, because I am from him, and he sent me." They seek to seize him, but no one lays a hand on him, because his hour has not yet come. Many of the crowd believe in him: "When the Christ comes, will he do more signs than these which this man has done?" The Pharisees hear the crowd murmuring and send officers to arrest him. Jesus says, "I will be with you a little while longer, then I go to him who sent me. You will seek me, and won't find me; and where I am, you can't come." On the last day, the great day of the feast, Jesus stands and cries out, "If anyone is thirsty, let him come to me and drink! He who believes in me, as the Scripture has said, from within him will flow rivers of living water." John explains, "But he said this about the Spirit, which those believing in him were to receive. For the Holy Spirit was not yet given, because Jesus wasn't yet glorified." The crowd is divided: "This is truly the prophet," "This is the Christ," and others, "What, does the Christ come out of Galilee? Hasn't the Scripture said that the Christ comes of the seed of David, and from Bethlehem, the village where David was?" The officers return without arresting him: "No man ever spoke like this man!" The Pharisees answer, "You aren't also led astray, are you? Have any of the rulers believed in him, or of the Pharisees? But this multitude, who don't know the law, are accursed." Nicodemus, he who came to him by night, being one of them, says, "Does our law judge a man, unless it first hears from him and knows what he does?" They answer, "Are you also from Galilee? Search, and see that no prophet has arisen out of Galilee."
Why the setting matters
The Feast of Booths (Sukkot) fell in the autumn, and pilgrims lived in leafy shelters for a week to remember the wilderness (Leviticus 23:33-43). It was the greatest of the festivals and the one most associated with water, as the people prayed for rain, and with light; later Jewish sources describe a daily water-pouring ceremony and the lighting of great lamps in the temple courts, which gives background to Jesus' cry about water here and his "I am the light of the world" in chapter 8, though how much of that ritual existed in Jesus' day is debated. "The last day, the great day" was the seventh or an added eighth day. The "rivers of living water" saying cites a Scripture that isn't clear; Zechariah 14:8, Ezekiel 47, Isaiah 58:11, and Psalm 78:16 have all been proposed. Whether the water flows from the believer or from Jesus depends on how the punctuation is read, and is debated. John explains the water as the Spirit. His brothers' advice shows the pressure to make a public display, and Jesus' answers about "time" (kairos) and "hour" are John's way of saying events happen on the Father's schedule. The people's belief that no one will know where the Christ comes from and the Pharisees' that no prophet comes from Galilee both overlook his birth in Bethlehem. The Pharisees call the crowd "accursed" for not knowing the law, and Nicodemus quietly objects on legal grounds, appealing to due process.
Who’s in this chapter
Jesus
Goes up to the feast in secret, teaches openly, and invites the thirsty.
Jesus' brothers
His brothers, who do not yet believe in him.
The crowds
Divided about who he is.
The Jews
The Judean authorities who are trying to kill him.
The Pharisees
Send officers to arrest him.
The officers
Return without him: "No man ever spoke like this man!"
Nicodemus
Speaks up for a hearing.
Talk it through
- Jesus' brothers tell him to go public, and he says his time hasn't come. What does he mean by "time"?
- On the last day of the feast, Jesus cries out about thirst. Why might he choose that moment?
- The crowd, the officers, and the Pharisees all give different answers about who he is. What does each assume?
- Nicodemus speaks up, but quietly. What does his move cost him, and what does it show?
Read John 7
World English Bible
1After these things, Jesus was walking in Galilee, for he wouldn’t walk in Judea, because the Jews sought to kill him. 2Now the feast of the Jews, the Feast of Booths, was at hand. 3His brothers therefore said to him, “Depart from here and go into Judea, that your disciples also may see your works which you do. 4For no one does anything in secret while he seeks to be known openly. If you do these things, reveal yourself to the world.” 5For even his brothers didn’t believe in him.
6Jesus therefore said to them, “My time has not yet come, but your time is always ready. 7The world can’t hate you, but it hates me, because I testify about it, that its works are evil. 8You go up to the feast. I am not yet going up to this feast, because my time is not yet fulfilled.”
9Having said these things to them, he stayed in Galilee. 10But when his brothers had gone up to the feast, then he also went up, not publicly, but as it were in secret. 11The Jews therefore sought him at the feast, and said, “Where is he?” 12There was much murmuring among the multitudes concerning him. Some said, “He is a good man.” Others said, “Not so, but he leads the multitude astray.” 13Yet no one spoke openly of him for fear of the Jews. 14But when it was now the middle of the feast, Jesus went up into the temple and taught. 15The Jews therefore marveled, saying, “How does this man know letters, having never been educated?”
16Jesus therefore answered them, “My teaching is not mine, but his who sent me. 17If anyone desires to do his will, he will know about the teaching, whether it is from God, or if I am speaking from myself. 18He who speaks from himself seeks his own glory, but he who seeks the glory of him who sent him is true, and no unrighteousness is in him. 19Didn’t Moses give you the law, and yet none of you keeps the law? Why do you seek to kill me?”
20The multitude answered, “You have a demon! Who seeks to kill you?”
21Jesus answered them, “I did one work and you all marvel because of it. 22Moses has given you circumcision (not that it is of Moses, but of the fathers), and on the Sabbath you circumcise a boy. 23If a boy receives circumcision on the Sabbath, that the law of Moses may not be broken, are you angry with me, because I made a man completely healthy on the Sabbath? 24Don’t judge according to appearance, but judge righteous judgment.”
25Therefore some of them of Jerusalem said, “Isn’t this he whom they seek to kill? 26Behold, he speaks openly, and they say nothing to him. Can it be that the rulers indeed know that this is truly the Christ? 27However we know where this man comes from, but when the Christ comes, no one will know where he comes from.”
28Jesus therefore cried out in the temple, teaching and saying, “You both know me, and know where I am from. I have not come of myself, but he who sent me is true, whom you don’t know. 29I know him, because I am from him, and he sent me.”
30They sought therefore to take him; but no one laid a hand on him, because his hour had not yet come. 31But of the multitude, many believed in him. They said, “When the Christ comes, he won’t do more signs than those which this man has done, will he?” 32The Pharisees heard the multitude murmuring these things concerning him, and the chief priests and the Pharisees sent officers to arrest him.
33Then Jesus said, “I will be with you a little while longer, then I go to him who sent me. 34You will seek me, and won’t find me. You can’t come where I am.”
35The Jews therefore said among themselves, “Where will this man go that we won’t find him? Will he go to the Dispersion among the Greeks, and teach the Greeks? 36What is this word that he said, ‘You will seek me, and won’t find me;’ and ‘Where I am, you can’t come’?”
37Now on the last and greatest day of the feast, Jesus stood and cried out, “If anyone is thirsty, let him come to me and drink! 38He who believes in me, as the Scripture has said, from within him will flow rivers of living water.” 39But he said this about the Spirit, which those believing in him were to receive. For the Holy Spirit was not yet given, because Jesus wasn’t yet glorified.
40Many of the multitude therefore, when they heard these words, said, “This is truly the prophet.” 41Others said, “This is the Christ.” But some said, “What, does the Christ come out of Galilee? 42Hasn’t the Scripture said that the Christ comes of the offspring of David, and from Bethlehem, the village where David was?” 43So a division arose in the multitude because of him. 44Some of them would have arrested him, but no one laid hands on him. 45The officers therefore came to the chief priests and Pharisees, and they said to them, “Why didn’t you bring him?”
46The officers answered, “No man ever spoke like this man!”
47The Pharisees therefore answered them, “You aren’t also led astray, are you? 48Have any of the rulers believed in him, or of the Pharisees? 49But this multitude that doesn’t know the law is cursed.”
50Nicodemus (he who came to him by night, being one of them) said to them, 51“Does our law judge a man, unless it first hears from him personally and knows what he does?”
52They answered him, “Are you also from Galilee? Search, and see that no prophet has arisen out of Galilee.”
53Everyone went to his own house,
Text: World English Bible, Public domain. About our sources